Study On Different Organization Types Business Essay

Study On Different Organization Types Business Essay A Sole Trader business exists amongst other businesses in a society. A Sole Trader is a person that owns and controls his/her own business, therefore profits earned from the business goes to the owner of the business. Sole Trader business also includes business like cosmetics, hairdressing and nails, plumbing and photographers. Sole trader business are cheap and easy to setup also its private. Sole traders are their own owners so they dont any separate legal existence. Unlimited liability is when the owners of a sole trader business have to pay their debts with the money theyve earned. The purpose of a sole trader is to provide services or sell/produce products. Advantages: Can choose hours of work Can make your own decisions All the profit made is yours Can claim expenses and certain costs against income tax Disadvantages: Cant have a sickness pay Cant have a set holiday pay Time consuming accounting is done in your own free time Continuity of work http://www.bbc.co.uk/schools/gcsebitesize/business/aims/partnershipsrev1.shtml http://www.answers.com/ Partnership A Partnership is another type of business organization in a society which involves a planned agreement or relationship between two or more people. If two or more people decide to open a business together, a contract called deed of partnership is normally drawn up. This states the type of partnership it is, how much assets each person has contributed, and how profits and losses will be shared. Typical examples of experts who may go into partnership together are doctors, dentists and solicitors. They can benefit from shared expertise, but like the sole trader, have unlimited liability. A partnership can also have a sleeping partner this person invest the business but does not have dealings in the day to day running of the enterprise. The purpose of a Partnership is to make a profit and to provide services or sell/produce products. Advantages: Partnerships are relatively easy to establish. One of them could have the skill to raise funds The profits that the business makes flow directly through the partners personal tax returns You can share out the responsibilities between the partners. This means that no single person is responsible for running all of the business. Partnerships provide moral support and will allow for more creative brainstorms Disadvantages: Partners may have different visions or goals for the business There may be unequal commitment in terms of time and finances There may also be personal disputes Each partner may also be liable for debts incurred, decisions made, and actions taken by the other partner or partners At some time, there most certainly will be disagreements in management plans, operational procedures, and future vision for the business You may encounter difficulty in attracting investors http://www.bbc.co.uk/schools/gcsebitesize/business/aims/partnershipsrev2.shtml http://www.answers.com/ Charity A charity is an organization that allows one group  to help another group, whether its people, animals or nature. Many of the best-known charities were set up by people who felt passionate about a cause that they believed was wrong or preventable. A charity is a particular type of voluntary organization one that takes a distinctive legal form and has a special tax status. Charities can be organized in a number of different ways they can be an unincorporated association, a trust or a company limited by guarantee. Examples of charities are Christian Aid, British Red Cross and Greenpeace. The purpose of a Charity is to help provide resources for a particular cause. Advantages: They dont normally have to pay income/ corporation tax, capital gains tax, stamp duty, and gifts to charities are free of inheritance tax They dont have to pay no more than 20% of normal business rates on the buildings they use and occupy to further their purpose They can get special VAT treatment in some circumstances They can formally represent and help to meet the needs of the community Charities are often able to raise funds from the public, grant making trusts and local government more easily than non charitable bodies Disadvantages: Charities must obey with charities legislation Charity trustees may not generally benefit personally, whether through receipt of a salary or of profits or otherwise Personal responsibility of charity trustees for misuse of funds Charities must produce an annual report and annual return http://news.bbc.co.uk/cbbcnews/hi/newsid_4710000/newsid_4710300/4710352.stm http://www.drlwilson.com/articles/what_is_charity.htm http://www.answers.com/ Voluntary Organizations A Voluntary Organization is any organization that uses the human resources of volunteers for achieving its main purpose. Voluntary Organization is a not-for-profit organization because they use their income to help those in need. Voluntary Organizations are provided in areas such as environmental, global development and community care. Examples of voluntary organizations are Scouts, National Trust and Girl Guides. The purpose of a Voluntary Organization is to provide a service to those in need. BTEC First Business by Carol Carysforth and Mike Neild http://www.answers.com/ Ltd (Private Limited Company) A private limited company is a company that is organized to give its owners limited liability. The company exists in their own rights; this means the finances from the company are separate from the personal finances of their owners. The owners of the company each own part of the business this makes the owners shareholders of the company. Private limited companies are usually family concerns or were firstly so. This type of organization is often chosen when a sole trader wants to expand and retain control of a company. Ltd companies are seen as firm projects by banks and customers. The companies are run by directors and shareholders. Examples of Ltd companies are Virgin and Clarks. The purpose of an Ltd is to maximise profit and to expand the company. Advantages: The company has a legal existence separate from management and its members The companys name is protected Approved company income plots usually provide better benefits than those paid under contracts with the self-employed and those in non-pensionable employment Disadvantages: They have to pay Corporation tax on top of any existing taxes Wanted benefit from economies of scale Lack of capital due to no share issue to the general public BTEC First Business by Carol Carysforth and Mike Neild http://www.answers.com/ Franchises This type of business starts by using the name of a popular/well known organization. A franchise is an agreement or license between two parties which gives a person or group of people (the franchisee) the rights to market a product or service using the trademark of another business (the franchisor). The Franchisor gives the Franchisee help and support to run their business. Examples are KFC and Prontoprint. The purpose of Franchise is to make a profit by using the name of a well known business and its resources. Advantages: Training and help on how to run or open the is provided Risks associated with the business are smaller than most other businesses You dont need to have experience to open or run the business The finance is easily reachable and its at affordable rates The business is a proven concept and is already set up The supplies needed are available at discount prices   Disadvantages: You have to work long hours The franchisor has control over the franchisee and will want and need high standards Franchisors usually want franchisees to follow their operations manual to a tee in order to ensure reliability The franchisor might go out of business All profits are shared with the franchisor Other franchisees could give the brand a bad reputation BTEC First Business by Carol Carysforth and Mike Neild http://www.answers.com/ PLC (Public Limited Company) Public Limited Company (PLC) is a type of business which is permitted to offer its shares to the public. All public limited companies names end in plc. PLC companies must have at least two shareholders, two directors and a trained secretary. A Public limited Company is different from a Private Limited company because its shares can be bought and sold by the public. Directors are paid to run the company and may or may not own shares of the company. To be a PLC  £50K share capital is needed. The purpose of PLC is to generate enough money to expand and evolve into an enterprise. Advantages: Large plcs may find it easier to borrow from banks Shares can be advertised Benefit from economies of scale Cheaper borrowing and bulk purchasing Shares can be sold through the stock exchange Disadvantages: Risk of takeover by rival companies who have bought shares in the company(E.g. Kraft trying to take over Cadbury chocolate) Going public can be expensive Some plcs can grow so large that they may become difficult to manage effectively BTEC First Business by Carol Carysforth and Mike Neild http://www.businesslink.gov.uk/bdotg/action/detail?type=RESOURCESitemId=1073789599 http://www.answers.com/ Co-operatives Co-operatives are a number of individuals or businesses work together to achieve a usual point. The business is jointly owned and run by the workers. All profits made from the business are shared and the owners make combined decisions about how the business should run. Self-help, self-responsibility, democracy, equality and solidarity are the values that Cooperatives are based on. The purpose of the Co-operatives is to serve their members in a prudent and effective manner and to help them generate an income and possibly profits. Advantages: Usually more stable , caring and responsible employers Can give job satisfaction and variety Encourages strong work commitments More responsible to customers and the community within the business Disadvantages: There could be conflict between members Longer decision-making process Extensive record keeping necessary Employment benefits often cant match those offered by other business types Less reason to invest additional capital They can limit your choice of outside finance Participation of members required for success http://kribhco.net/english/what_coop.htm BTEC First Business by Carol Carysforth and Mike Neild http://www.answers.com/ Public Sector Public Sector is a part of the public which is controlled by the government. The Public Sector is owned by the sate and provides many services free of charge and other at or below a price. The purpose of a public Sector is to provide a quality service to the community. The aim of the Public Sector is to improve service condition and to operate within budget. The Public Sector includes the government departments, local councils, NHS hospitals and state schools. Examples of Public Sector Organization are London Underground, Police and National Health Service. The purpose of a Public Sector is to provide goods and/or service and to provide value for money. Advantages: The job security is very tight, its difficult to get fired Generous benefits More relaxed atmosphere Disadvantages: Fewer positions available Lower pay Less flexibility BTEC First Business by Carol Carysforth and Mike Neild http://whatis.techtarget.com/definition/0,,sid9_gci1154572,00.html# http://www.answers.com/

Book Review Moral Leadership: Getting to the Heart of School Improvement By Thomas J. Sergiovanni :: essays research papers

The heart of leadership has to do with what a person believes, values, dreams about, and is committed to. - Sergiovanni Summary Target Audience of the Book: According to the author in the introduction of the book, this work was basically intended to serve as a guide for developing moral leadership in schools geared toward superintendents, supervisors, principals, and any other persons at the upper levels of school management. The author's design was to provoke thoughts and raise questions in the minds of these people to help them analyze the leadership processes in their schools and help them make adjustments to the leadership process that will in the end reduce the need for "direct" leadership in favor of "moral" leadership. He also makes point that this book can serve as a "counterpoint" to some of the textbooks, currently being used in university courses on leadership. Sergiovanni also states that the book would be useful for parents, school board members and policy makers. Because I have been involved in the education process from the teaching side of education, I see this book as being of particular val ue to teachers as well. Overall, this book is for anyone who cares about improving the leadership in our schools. The Scope of the Book: The aspects of leadership covered are broad, from analyzing the traditional leadership roles, to the tapping of higher levels of human potential. It is written from the standpoint of managers or leaders and covers point by point the author's ideas of how to shift the environment of schools from that of a "factory" to one of a â€Å"learning community. Sergiovanni discusses "living school" in leadership rather than just being concerned with the facts and figures involved in "playing school." The viewpoint of the author is being concerned about the leadership processes in schools that are presently accepted as the norm. Sergiovanni would like to see school leadership shift to one that is self-motivated by teachers who want to do a great job, not one where the teachers feel they have to as a result of dependency on "extrinsic" rewards. A school, he says, is a community with a shared sense of values and purpose. He describes a "virtuous schoo l" as one founded on the beliefs that a school must be a community, that this school community includes parents, teachers, students and other community members. He believes that every student can learn, that caring for the whole child is the key to academic success, and that mutual respect and positive expectations are the operating dynamics.

Alibrandi essay Essay

In the movie Looking for Alibrandi, director Kate Woods uses many techniques to help you understand the main character, Josie. Some of these techniques are internal dialogue and voice-over narration, day-dream sequences and colour enhancement. All these techniques help viewers to have a better understanding of Josie’s character. The first technique that Woods uses that is very effective appears in an important part of the movie. Internal dialogue is used so that we can hear how Josie is feeling about the things she is going through. An example of this is in the opening scene when it is the Italian community’s â€Å"Tomato Day† and Italians get together to peel and stew tomatoes for tomato sauce. From voice-over narration we can hear Josie’s internal dialogue and understand that Josie doesn’t identify with this old-fashioned get together at all. We hear exactly what Josie thinks of it: â€Å"You might think this is all quirky and cute, but I find it really embarrassing. You would think we were still in Sicilly, but they left there 50 years ago†¦ I’ve got to get out of here! So therefore voice-over narration is a clever technique for helping viewers understand that Josie does not identify with her Italian-Australian heritage or the traditions they follow, and this is particularly useful in the opening scene because it explains what may lie at the heart of Josie’s challenges and conflicts to follow. The second technique used by the director to help us understand more about Josie is the day-dream sequence. Whenever Woods want the viewer to understand that Josie is having a day-dream the film is in slow motion and in sepia tones. An example of this is when Josie has a crush on John Barton, who is from a private boy’s school. She imagines herself standing beside John who is now the Premier of Australia and that she is Mrs Alibrandi-Barton. Cameras are snapping, tickertape is flying and reporters are wanting to speak to her. Another example of a day-dream sequence is when Josie is watching Carly, a very rich and spoiled daughter of a racist talk-back host, getting out of the car on the first day of school. We can tell its day-dream because suddenly Carly is walking very slowly and waving like a movie star. This scene shows us that Josie is very jealous of Carly because she is beautiful, rich and her family is friends with John’s. So therefore, Woods has helped viewers to understand that Josie has a strong imagination and how Josie feels about John Barton and Carly. Finally, Woods uses colour enhancement to help us understand more about Josie. This is when the director uses strong Sepia tonesto show us that Josie thinks what is happening is old-fashioned. At the very beginning of the opening scene viewers are presented with a panning shot of Josie’s Italian family busily making tomato sauce. We are given the impression that this is set some time in the past. When Josie starts talking the colour changes to full colour. From this technique we learn that Josie doesn’t regard ‘Tomato Day’ as part of her world, or the world of modern Australia. So therefore Woods’ use of strong sepia tonings right at the beginning of the opening scene helped us understand that Josie was straining against expressions of her Italian-Australian heritage. In the closing scene it is â€Å"Tomato Day† again but the whole thing is filmed in full-colour with Josie taking part in the stirring and dancing with Nona. Instead of escaping to the beach, she invites her friends in. This helps us understand that by the end of the movie, Josie is comfortable with her Italian-Australia heritage and has therefore overcome some major personal conflicts about her identity. In conclusion, in the movie Looking for Alibrandi, director Kate Woods was able to help viewers understand main character Josie’s opinions and conflicts through the verbal techniques of internal dialogue and voice-over narration, and visual techniques of day-dream sequences and strong sepia tones. The dialogue allowed us to understand what Josie was thinking and it lets you get into the frame of mind of the leading character of the movie. Day-dream sequences were important because they disclosed Josie’s fears and hopes for the future while strong sepia colour helped us to know that Josie thought that her family was old-fashioned.

Giant Foods Case Analysis Essay - 1490 Words

Case Analysis of Giant Foods. Introduction: This case involves convergent technologies, a blending of traditional and cutting-edge business models and an alliance between an established pharmaceutical provider and a fledgling, Information Technology based, Drug marketing firm. Together, these two companies endeavored to create a patient education and prescription drug compliance program by deploying the deep well of customer data acquired by Giant Foods and the proprietary software of Elensys Care services, Inc. Elensys uses information from Giants pharmacy to send personalized letters, written on pharmacy letterhead but often paid for by pharmaceutical companies, that remind customers to refill prescriptions and pitch new products to†¦show more content†¦In an Internet post, Elensys describes itself as the leader in patient behavior modification programs. Interest in the company has soared, in part because so many people fail to take medicine properly and most chains dont have the technical wherewithal to track cust omers as precisely as Elensys, Rubin said. Up to half of all patients who should routinely take medicine for such ailments as hypertension or high cholesterol quit prematurely, he said. Its the primary reason for our existence. Much of the cost of the analysis and mailings is offset by payments from drug manufacturers, who contract with pharmacies for the right to mail information to individual customers. Among other things, Rubin said, that material could include suggestions that customers switch from one drug to another. THE PROBLEM: In addition to the customer backlash from this program, many legal issues become prescient due to the ill-defined nature of privacy laws. â€Å"In a marketing practice that some experts say raises new questions about medical privacy, several large drug store chains and thousands of independent pharmacies have been providing confidential patient information to a Massachusetts database company that profiles and targets patients who dont refill prescriptions. The Washington Post reportsShow MoreRelatedGiant Foods Case Analysis1681 Words   |  7 PagesSTOCKPILING ENGEL’S LAW GENERAL REASONS TO CONDUCT A SALES PROMOTION PROMOTION FOR WHICH ITEM FINANCIAL ANALYSIS THANK YOU NOTE 2 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY: ï‚› Frozen food division (FFD) is the key contributor to Giant Consumer Product s (GCP) profits which have successfully grown over the past 30 years. The company has two main products lines, Italian frozen dinner â€Å" DinardoTM†, and organic frozen foods â€Å"Natural mealsTM †. 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